BLUETOOTH CTP TECHNOLOGY

Field of Technical
[1] Now we are passing technologycal life bluetooth CTP is one of the greatest invention of science. The present invention relates to a bluetooth CTP (Cordless Telephony Profile) mobile communication terminal. More particularly, the present invention relates to a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal, a bluetooth CTP gateway and a connection method thereof, wherein a CTP gateway requests CTP connection to a CTP terminal by using an SPP (Serial Port Profile) and the CTP terminal attempts CTP connection to the CTP gateway only when the CTP terminal receives the SPP. Background Art
[2] Recently, wireless telecommunication devices have been integrated. Such integration allows one mobile telecommunication terminal to function as both a wire telephone with high sound quality at low price and as a wireless telephone with which a telephone call may be made regardless of a user's location.
[3] Such a terminal is referred to as a CTP terminal. For a user' s convenience, a CTP terminal provides an automatic connection function to automatically connect the terminal to a wire telephone gateway by utilizing an algorithm provided by the terminal rather than the user's input.
[4] Since the number of conventional CTP terminals registered in a CTP gateway cannot be known, only the function of attempting to connect the CTP terminal to the CTP gateway is provided. Although a bluetooth function may vary depending on the manufacturer providing a chip, electric power of about 1 to 2 mA per second is generally consumed on standby for CTP connection and electric power of about 70 to 120 mA per second is consumed for attempting CTP connection to a CTP gateway. Disclosure of Invention
Technical Problem
[5] However, power consumption of greater than 70 mA per second has a great influence on the decrease in standby time of a mobile telecommunication terminal in view of characteristics of the terminal. Therefore, a conventional mobile telecommunication terminal using CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) technology attempts to solve the aforementioned problem by searching an approximate location of its own position at every predetermined time and then attempting the CTP connection to a CTP gateway only when the location of the terminal is similar to that of the CTP
-->gateway. However, conventional mobile telecommunication terminals have several disadvantages.
[6] First, extraneous technology rather than bluetooth technology is used to connect two bluetooth devices (a CTP terminal and a CTP gateway). For example, CDMA technology is used to locate a current position of a CTP terminal. Although the position of a terminal may be located using, for example, GPS (Global Positioning System) technology in addition to CDMA technology, additional costs are incurred, such as royalties on CDMA technology and the built-in costs of GPS devices.
[7] Second, since a terminal attempts CTP connection to a CTP gateway at every a predetermined period (T) of time in order to reduce power consumption when attempting to connect to a device, the terminal may be connected to the CTP gateway for anywhere up to a maximum time (T) if a user frequently moves about the border of an area in which bluetooth connection can be made. Therefore, the user cannot gain immediate access to a landline even though the user enters the radius of the CTP gateway and user inconvenience is increased.
[8] Third, since a CTP terminal uses a position of a CTP gateway to connect to the CTP gateway, a user must change the position of the CTP gateway stored in the CTP terminal by means of an additional setting process if the position of the CTP gateway is changed. In other words, since information related to a cell where a CTP gateway is positioned is stored in a CTP terminal when the CTP terminal is registered in the CTP gateway, movement of the CTP gateway to another cell requires that information related to the new position of the CTP gateway be re-registered in the CTP terminal in order that the terminal function as a wire telephone.
[9] Fourth, if the position of a CTP gateway is in an area where cells overlap, it is difficult for a CTP terminal to detect the position of the CTP gateway. Furthermore, if the size of a cell where the CTP gateway is positioned is increased, the CTP terminal is forced to make frequent attempts to connect to the CTP gateway and power consumption increases.
[10] Therefore, there is a need for a system for efficiently connecting a bluetooth CTP mobile communication terminal to a CTP gateway such that the terminal may immediately be used as a wire telephone. The present invention addresses these and other needs. Technical Solution
[11] The present invention is directed to a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal, a bluetooth CTP gateway, and a connection method thereof such that there is no need to re-register the new position of the CTP gateway in a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal when the position of the CTP gateway is changed, thereby
-->reducing the power consumption of the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal. In order to accomplish the objects of the present invention, a CTP gateway requests CTP connection to a CTP terminal by using an SPP (Serial Port Profile) and the CTP terminal attempts CTP connection to the CTP gateway only when the CTP terminal receives the SPP.
[12] It is an object of the present invention to provide a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal, a bluetooth CTP gateway, and a connection method thereof, wherein a CTP gateway differentiates the number of connection attempts among respective CTP mobile telecommunication terminals by applying weighted factors to the respective CTP mobile telecommunication terminals so that a user can immediately use the wire telephone function of a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal when the user enters the radius of the CTP gateway. It is another object of the present invention to implement a connection between a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal and a CTP gateway using only bluetooth technology, thereby reducing additional costs incurred when technologies such as CDMA or GPS are used.
[13] According to an aspect of the present invention, a method of connecting a bluetooth
CTP mobile telecommunication terminal to a bluetooth CTP gateway is provided. The method includes the steps of the CTP gateway transmitting a bluetooth profile for requesting a CTP connection attempt to one or more bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminals registered in the bluetooth CTP gateway and the terminals attempting a CTP connection to the gateway upon receiving the bluetooth profile. Preferably, the method further includes using a wire telephone network through the CTP gateway when the CTP connection is made between a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal and the CTP gateway.
[14] The bluetooth profile may be a SPP (Serial Port Profile). The CTP gateway may set a weighted factor for a connection attempt to differentiate the number of requests for the connection attempt for each of the registered CTP mobile telecommunication terminals.
[15] The setting of the weighted factor for a connection attempt may include a method based on the frequency of connection to the CTP gateway or a method based on whether the CTP terminal has been connected within a predetermined period of time, with the time based on a point in time where the connection attempt was made. In addition, the weighted factor for a connection attempt may be selected from among one or more grades and the number of requests for a connection attempt may increase or decrease by a predetermined multiple between successive grades.
[16] If a plurality of bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminals are registered in the CTP gateway, the CTP gateway may request the CTP connection attempt multiple times up to a maximum. Preferably, the maximum is the sum of the numbers
-->of connection attempts corresponding to the weighted factors of the registered CTP mobile telecommunication terminals. Preferably, the CTP gateway requests the CTP connection attempts during a time (t) obtained by excluding a CTP connection standby time (T-t) from a predetermined period of time (T).
[17] A bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal of the present invention may use a wire telephone network by making CTP connection to a bluetooth CTP gateway that is connectable to the wire telephone network. Specifically, the bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal attempts the CTP connection to the bluetooth CTP gateway when the terminal receives a bluetooth profile transmitted from the bluetooth CTP gateway for requesting the CTP connection attempt.
[18] A bluetooth CTP gateway of the present invention may be connected to a wire telephone network and one or more bluetooth mobile telecommunication terminals. The gateway provides connection to the wire telephone network when the CTP gateway is connected through CTP connection to a registered bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal. The bluetooth CTP gateway transmits a predetermined bluetooth profile to a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal to request a CTP connection attempt.
[19] These and other embodiments will also become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the embodiments having reference to the attached figures, the invention not being limited to any particular embodiments disclosed. Advantageous Effects
[20] The bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal of the present invention attempts the CTP connection to the CTP gateway only when the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal receives an SPP from the CTP gateway. Therefore, electric power consumption may be reduced and service life of a battery prolonged. Brief Description of the Drawings
[21] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. Features, elements, and aspects of the invention that are referenced by the same numerals in different figures represent the same, equivalent, or similar features, elements, or aspects in accordance with one or more embodiments.
[22] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of connecting a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal to a bluetooth CTP gateway according to one embodiment of the present invention.
-->[23] FlG. 2 is an exemplary diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention.
Mode for the Invention
[24] The present invention is directed to a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal, a bluetooth CTP gateway, and a connection method thereof such that there is no need to re-register the new position of the CTP gateway in a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal when the position of the CTP gateway is changed. Although the present invention is illustrated with respect to a mobile communication terminal, it is contemplated that the present invention may be utilized anytime it is desired to efficiently connect a CTP bluetooth communication device to a CTP gateway.
[25] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a method of connecting a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal to a bluetooth CTP gateway according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[26] Generally, a CTP gateway is relatively less important to reduction of electric power consumption than a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal since a CTP gateway has the characteristics of an immobile device. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of a CTP gateway in order to reduce the power consumption of a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal.
[27] A CTP gateway attempts an SPP connection to a registered CTP mobile telecommunication terminal and the terminal attempts a CTP connection to the CTP gateway through the SPP connection attempt. In this way, power consumption of the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal may be reduced and user convenience increased.
[28] "Bluetooth," as used herein with respect to CTP connection, is a specification of wireless local area network communication. A bluetooth device (BT device) is required in order to utilize bluetooth. In order to receive bluetooth services, the bluetooth device should be connected to a bluetooth access point (BT access point).
[29] As used herein, a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal is a bluetooth device and a bluetooth CTP gateway is a bluetooth access point. However, the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal of the present invention also functions as a wireless telephone, thereby functioning as a portable wireless telephone directly through a wireless network. Furthermore, the CTP gateway of the present invention also includes a function allowing the CTP gateway to be connected to a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) wire telephone network in order to access the wire telephone network.
[30] The term of "Profile" is used herein to refer to the kind, structure and usage of a protocol for each specific application when a bluetooth application is implemented. Specifically, the CTP is a profile in which a protocol used by an L2CAP (Local Link
-->Layer Control and Adaptation Protocol) higher layer of bluetooth protocol layers is a TCS (Telephony Control protocol Specification) binary.
[31] The method of connecting a bluetooth CTP mobile telecommunication terminal to a bluetooth CTP gateway according to the present invention will be described with reference to FlG. 1.
[32] First, the CTP gateway attempts an SPP connection in order to request a CTP connection to the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal (Step Sl). The SPP connection attempt is based on a weighted factor that has been set when the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal was registered. At least one CTP mobile telecommunication terminal may be registered in one CTP gateway and the CTP gateway transmits an SPP in order to request CTP connection to at least one CTP mobile telecommunication terminal either sequentially, randomly or based on predetermined priority.
[33] The weighted factor for the connection attempt is set to differentiate the number of
SPP connection attempts for requesting the CTP connection to each CTP mobile telecommunication terminal. The weighted factor may be divided into a predetermined number of grades. The weighted factor for a connection attempt is set differently for each CTP mobile telecommunication terminal in accordance with a user's intentional usage pattern or statistical usage for the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal.
[34] If a corresponding CTP mobile telecommunication terminal receives the SPP from the CTP gateway (Step S2), the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal attempts a CTP connection to the CTP gateway (Step S3). The CTP mobile telecommunication terminal may receive the SPP only when the terminal is within a connectable radius within which the terminal can receive the SPP transmitted from the CTP gateway.
[35] Thereafter, if a CTP connection between the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal and the CTP gateway is achieved, the CTP mobile telecommunication terminal may function as a wire telephone through the CTP gateway. Although the CTP gateway preferably uses the simplest SPP bluetooth profile to request CTP connection to all registered CTP mobile telecommunication terminals, the CTP gateway may use all profiles and detection methods defined with regard to bluetooth communication.
[36] FlG. 1 illustrates an embodiment where a fixed value arbitrarily set when a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal was registered is used as a weighted factor for a connection attempt. However, the weighted factor for a connection attempt may vary in other embodiments.
[37] One method of varying weighted factors for a connection attempt is to vary the weighted factor according to an order of terminals having greater frequencies of CTP connection based on statistics for a first predetermined period. Another method of
-->varying weighted factors is by applying a high weighted factor to a terminal in which CTP connection has been maintained within a second predetermined period according to when the CTP gateway attempted SPP connection.
[38] Furthermore, using a combination of both methods, a higher weighted factor may be applied to a terminal having a greater frequency of CTP connection based on statistics for the first predetermined period if there is no terminal in which CTP connection has been maintained within the second predetermined period. The second predetermined period may be relatively shorter than the first predetermined period. Using the various methods for varying weighted factors, the CTP gateway varies weighted factors for a connection attempt to optimally control an SPP connection attempt to a CTP mobile telecommunication terminal.
[39] In one method of differentiating the number of SPP connection attempts by arbitrarily applying priorities, one of a plurality of grades is selected to set a weighted factor for a connection attempt. For example, a plurality of grades, such as first grade through ninth grade, are predetermined when each CTP mobile communication terminal is registered.
[40] As the grade increases or decreases by one grade, the number of connection attempts is doubled or halved. For example, the number of connection attempts may be set in such a manner that the second grade has a number of connection attempts that is twice that of the first grade, the third grade has a number of connection attempts that is four times that of the first grade and the ninth grade has a number of connection attempts that is 512 that of the first grade. In conclusion we can say that by using bluetooth CTP mobile communication we have developed our life more then first.

BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY

Abstract: Bluetooth is one of the one of the latest invention of science. We can use it for our convenient. By using bluetooth technology we can avoid wire problem. It is of the blessings of science. Now can easily bluetooth earphone and ear-hook without wire.A Bluetooth earphone and an ear-hook device thereof are provided. The Bluetooth earphone includes an earphone body and an ear-hook device. The ear-hook device includes a hinge assembly and an ear hook. The hinge assembly is rotatably disposed on the earphone body. The ear hook is rotatably disposed on the hinge assembly. As a result, the ear hook is able to rotate around the earphone body on two different axes via the hinge assembly, such that a user can selectively wear the Bluetooth earphone

HISTORY OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates in general to a Bluetooth earphone and an ear-hook device thereof, and more particularly to a Bluetooth earphone which can be selectively worn on the right ear or the left ear and an ear-hook device thereof.
2. Description of the Related Art
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, it has been widely implemented in many electronic products that people use in their everyday lives. As a result, the requirement of setting up transmission cables does not exist anymore. Examples of wireless transmission technology include infrared ray, radio frequency identification and Bluetooth technologies. The uses of wireless communication technology are determined according to the needs of various electronic products.
Currently, Bluetooth technology has been widely used in mobile phone as a solution to wireless communication. Bluetooth earphone that goes with mobile phone is a hand-free headset that can be worn on a user's ear. Therefore it allows the user to answer the call without holding the mobile phone. The comfort of wearing the earphone is also important to the user. Furthermore, when choosing a Bluetooth earphone, the user considers not only the appearance of the Bluetooth earphone but also the operational functions of the Bluetooth earphone. A Bluetooth earphone is different from an earphone that goes with a CD walkman or a MP3 player because the Bluetooth earphone is monaural and only worn on the user's left ear or right ear. Therefore, the Bluetooth earphone capable of being selectively worn on the user's left ear or right ear is indeed a practical product.

CONCLUSION OF THE INVENTION
At last we can tel that bluetooth is a suitable invention of nowadays busy people. Bluetooth has develop our life one step. The invention is directed to a Bluetooth earphone and an ear-hook device thereof. The ear-hook device of the Bluetooth earphone functions to rotate on two axes, such that a user can selectively wear the Bluetooth earphone on his or her left ear or right ear. The ear-hook device is easy to assemble and easy to operate.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, an ear-hook device disposed in a Bluetooth earphone is provided. The ear-hook device includes a hinge assembly and an ear hook. The hinge assembly is rotatably disposed on the Bluetooth earphone. The ear hook is rotatably disposed on the hinge assembly. As a result, the ear hook is able to rotate around the earphone body on two different axes via the hinge assembly, such that a user can selectively wear the Bluetooth earphone on his or her left ear or right ear.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a Bluetooth earphone including an earphone body and an ear-hook device is provided. The ear-hook device includes a hinge assembly and an ear hook. The hinge assembly is rotatably disposed on the earphone body. The ear hook is rotatably disposed on the hinge assembly. As a result, the ear hook is able to rotate around the earphone body on two different axes via the hinge assembly, such that a user can selectively wear the Bluetooth earphone on his or her left ear or right ear.
.

CDMA TECHNOLOGY

Abstract: GSM and CDMA both are common feature of mobile phone. A method for a GSM/CDMA dual-mode mobile phone to control two GSM subscriber identification modules is provided. Without changing hardware of the GSM/CDMA dual-mode mobile phone, the method use a GSM control module to operate a first GSM subscriber identification module, or a CDMA UART driver module and a SIM/UIM driver module connected with each other are built in the CDMA control module. The CDMA URAT driver module is communicated with a GSM device driver layer of the GSM control module through a UART standard, such that the GSM control module is able to control a second GSM subscriber identification module connected to the SIM/UIM driver module. Thus, the GSM/CDMA dual-mode mobile phone is able to control two GSM subscriber identification modules so as to satisfy needs and demands for businessmen and lovers in personal style.
Claims:1. A method for a GSM (global system for mobile telecommunication) and CDMA (code division multiple access) dual-mode mobile phone to control two GSM subscriber identification modules which are of a first GSM subscriber identification module and a second GSM subscriber identification module, comprising:initializing an operation system of the mobile phone;determining whether a standby mode is going to be entered by the second GSM subscriber identification module of a CDMA control module; when the standby mode is not going to be entered by the second GSM subscriber identification module, the first GSM subscriber identification module entering the standby mode and a GSM control module being used to control the first GSM subscriber identification module connected therein; when the standby mode is going to be entered by the second GSM subscriber identification module, the second GSM subscriber identification module entering the standby mode accordingly, a CDMA UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) driver module and a SIM (subscriber identification module) and UIM (user identity module) driver module connected with each other being built in a CDMA device driver layer; and the CDMA UART driver module in communication with a GSM device driver layer of the GSM control module through a UART standard being used to control the second GSM subscriber identification module in connection with the SIM and UIM driver module. 2. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:after finishing the step of determining whether a standby mode is going to be entered by the second GSM subscriber identification module of a CDMA control module, obtaining and recording an information about the standby mode is entered by the first GSM subscriber identification module or by the second GSM subscriber identification module; andresetting the operation system. 3. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 2, wherein the information are stored in a flash memory, an EEPROM, or an EPROM. 4. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of the first GSM subscriber identification module entering the standby mode further comprises:outputting a control command to the GSM device driver layer through a GSM application layer of the GSM control module;obtaining a raw data of the first GSM subscriber identification module by the GSM device driver layer;transmitting the raw data to a GSM protocol stack of the GSM control module to process the raw data; andreturning the processed raw data back to the GSM application layer. 5. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step of outputting the control command to the GSM device driver layer through the GSM application layer of the GSM control module further comprises:processing the control command by the GSM protocol stack; andoutputting the processed control command to the GSM device driver layer. 6. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of the second GSM subscriber identification module entering the standby mode further comprises:outputting a control command to the CDMA UART driver module through a GSM application layer of the GSM control module;analyzing the control command by the CDMA UART driver module to determine whether the control command is valid;when the control command is valid, using the SIM and UIM driver module to control the second GSM subscriber identification module to obtain the raw data of the second GSM subscriber identification module;returning the raw data back to a GSM protocol stack of the GSM control module through the CDMA UART driver module and the GSM device driver layer; andprocessing the raw data through the GSM protocol stack, and returning the processed raw data back to the GSM application layer. 7. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step of outputting the control command to the CDMA UART driver module through the GSM application layer of the GSM control module at least comprises:outputting the control command through the GSM application layer of the GSM control module;processing the control command by the GSM protocol stack of the GSM control module, and outputting the control command; andretrieving by the GSM device driver layer and transmitting the control command to the CDMA UART driver module. 8. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first GSM subscriber identification module is electrically coupled to a first SIM card for reading a data of the first SIM card. 9. The method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second GSM subscriber identification module is electrically coupled to a second SIM card for reading a data of the second SIM card.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002]1. Field of Invention [0003]The present invention relates to a method for controlling two GSM subscriber identification modules, and more particularly to a method for a GSM/CDMA dual-mode mobile phone to control two GSM subscriber identification modules. [0004]2. Related Art [0005]Currently, many specifications and standards are developed for wireless telecommunications. Common wireless telecommunications systems include global system for mobile communication (GSM), code division multiple access (CDMA), and personal handy-phone system (PHS). To cater users' requirements for a mobile phone capable of switching between different specification and standard systems, the mobile phone manufacturers have developed dual-mode mobile phones, for example, mobile phones with both GSM and CDMA systems. [0006]FIG. 1 shows architecture of a GSM/CDMA dual-mode system of the prior art. Referring to FIG. 1, regarding the operating manner of this architecture, a GSM control module 110 may control a GSM subscriber identification module 130 that is electrically connected to a subscriber identification module (SIM) card. In addition, the GSM control module 110 may control a CDMA subscriber identification module 140 through a CDMA control module 120. The GSM control module 110 uses a GSM application layer 111 to provide a control command to a GSM device driver layer 113 through a GSM protocol stack 112. The GSM device driver layer 113 then outputs the control command to a CDMA device driver layer 123 of the CDMA control module 120 through a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) standard. Then, the control command is transmitted to a CDMA application layer 121 of the CDMA control module 120 through a CDMA protocol stack/UIM protocol 122. [0007]The CDMA application layer 121 further determines whether the control command is valid. If the control command is determined to be valid, the CDMA application layer 121 transmits the control command to the CDMA device driver layer 123 through the media of the CDMA protocol stack/UIM protocol 122 and the CDMA device driver layer 123 read the raw data of the CDMA subscriber identification module 140. The CDMA subscriber identification module 140 is electrically coupled to a user identity module (UIM) card. Then, the raw data of the CDMA subscriber identification module 140 is returned to the CDMA application layer 121 through the UIM protocol of the CDMA control module 120 in response to the control command. [0008]Finally, the CDMA application layer 121 invokes the CDMA device driver layer 123 again to transmit the raw data to the GSM device driver layer 113 through the UART standard, and returns the raw data to the GSM application layer 111 through the GSM protocol stack 112. The GSM application layer 111 processes the returned raw data. [0009]However, the prior art has the following unavoidable disadvantage. The GSM/CDMA dual-mode mobile phone is not adapted for a user having two GSM subscriber identification modules, that is, a user having two SIM cards. To use the dual-mode function of the GSM/CDMA dual-mode mobile phone, the user is required have a SIM card and a UIM card respectively corresponding to a GSM number and a CDMA number. To use two SIM cards corresponding to two GSM numbers, the user must buy another mobile phone for inserting the SIM card. Therefore, the mobile phone cannot meet the requirements of a user who does not have a CDMA number but has two GSM numbers. Therefore, the practicability of the GSM/CDMA dual-mode mobile phone is reduced.

GSM MOBILE PHONE

Mobile is a vital instrument for our life. Now we can easily communicate with another although he stay another part of the word. More over we can not imagine our buisness development without mobile phone. Normal Burst Structures
GSM is one of the feature of mobile phone. GSM mobile is more comfortable then another meobile phone. Majority people of the world are using GSM mobile phone.This figure shows the field structures of the normal burst used in the GSM system. This diagram shows that the field structure is different for the normal burst, synchronization burst, and the frequency correction bursts. The fields transmitted during the normal burst include initial tail bits (ramp-up time), training sequence, flag bits, user data bits, final tail bits, and guard period. This diagram shows that the first 3 bits of the time slot are dedicated to the gradual increase of transmitter power level (ramp-up). For the normal burst, this is followed by the information (user data) bits. The flag bits indicate if the normal burst has been replaced with FACCH signaling information. This diagram shows that some of the bits in the center of the burst are used as training bits (to allow equalizer training). At the end of the transmitted burst there are tail bits (for error protection) and 3 guard period bits that are used during the gradual reduction of the RF transmitter signal (ramp-down).

Japan's first commercial mobile phone service was launched by NTT in 1978. By November 2007, the total number of mobile phone subscriptions in the world had reached 3.3 billion, or half of the human population (although some users have multiple subscriptions, or inactive subscriptions), which also makes the mobile phone the most widely spread technology and the most common electronic device in the world.[3]
The first mobile phone to enable internet connectivity and wireless email, the Nokia Communicator, was released in 1996, creating a new category of multi-use devices called smartphones. In 1999 the first mobile internet service was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan under the i-Mode service. By 2007 over 798 million people around the world accessed the internet or equivalent mobile internet services such as WAP and i-Mode at least occasionally using a mobile phone rather than a personal computer.
As of 2007, more than a billion mobile phones are sold each year, including over 100,000 smart-phones.[4]

[edit] Cellular systems
See also: Cellular frequencies

Mobile phone tower
Mobile phones send and receive radio signals with any number of cell site base stations fitted with microwave antennas. These sites are usually mounted on a tower, pole or building, located throughout populated areas, then connected to a cabled communication

[edit] Usage

[edit] By civilians

This Railfone found on some Amtrak trains in North America uses cellular technology.
See also: List of mobile network operators
An increasing number of countries, particularly in Europe, now have more mobile phones than people. According to the figures from Eurostat, the European Union's in-house statistical office, Luxembourg had the highest mobile phone penetration rate at 158 mobile subscriptions per 100 people, closely followed by Lithuania and Italy.[5] In Hong Kong the penetration rate reached 139.8% of the population in July 2007.[6] Over 50 countries have mobile phone subscription penetration rates higher than that of the population and the Western European average penetration rate was 110% in 2007 (source Informa 2007). Canada currently has the lowest rates of mobile phone penetrations in the industrialised world at 58%.
There are over five hundred million active mobile phone accounts in China, as of 2007, but the total penetration rate there still stands below 50%.[7] The total number of mobile phone subscribers in the world was estimated at 2.14 billion in 2005.[8] The subscriber count reached 2.7 billion by end of 2006 according to Informa[citation needed], and 3.3 billion by November, 2007[3], thus reaching an equivalent of over half the planet's population. Around 80% of the world's population has access to mobile phone coverage, as of 2006. This figure is expected to increase to 90% by the year 2010.[9]
In some developing countries with little "landline" telephone infrastructure, mobile phone use has quadrupled in the last decade.[10] The rise of mobile phone technology in developing countries is often cited as an example of the leapfrog effect. Many remote regions in the third world went from having no telecommunications infrastructure to having satellite based communications systems. At present, Africa has the largest growth rate of cellular subscribers in the world,[11] its markets expanding nearly twice as fast as Asian markets.[12] The availability of prepaid or 'pay-as-you-go' services, where the subscriber is not committed to a long term contract, has helped fuel this growth in Africa as well as in other continents.
On a numerical basis, India is the largest growth market, adding about 6 million mobile phones every month.[13] With 256.55 million total landline and mobile phones, market penetration in the country is still low at 22.52%. India expects to reach 500 million subscribers by the end of 2010. Simultaneously, landline phone ownership is decreasing gradually and accounts for approximately 40 million connections.
There are three major technical standards for the current generation of mobile phones and networks, and two major standards for the next generation 3G phones and networks. All European and African countries and many Asian countries have adopted a single system, GSM, which is the only technology available on all continents and in most countries and covers over 74% of all subscribers on mobile networks. In many countries, such as the United States, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, India,, South Korea, and Vietnam, GSM co-exists with other internationally adopted standards such as CDMA and TDMA, as well as national standards such as iDEN in the USA and PDC in Japan. Over the past five years several dozen mobile operators (carriers) have abandoned networks on TDMA and CDMA technologies, switching over to GSM.
With third generation (3G) networks, which are also known as IMT-2000 networks, about three out of four networks are on the W-CDMA (also known as UMTS) standard, usually seen as the natural evolution path for GSM and TDMA networks. One in four 3G networks is on the CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology. Some analysts count a previous stage in CDMA evolution, CDMA2000 1x RTT, as a 3G technology whereas most standardization experts count only CDMA2000 1x EV-DO as a true 3G technology. Because of this difference in interpreting what is 3G, there is a wide variety in subscriber counts. As of June 2007, on the narrow definition there are 200 million subscribers on 3G networks. By using the more broad definition, the total subscriber count of 3G phone users is 475 million

Development of GSM mobile technology.

Mobile phone is related with our every day life. We can not imagine our life without mobile phone. Now we notice that the development of GSM mobile phone.Robert Conway, head of the GSM Association, said the memorandum of understanding signed in 1987 is widely seen as the moment when the global mobile industry got under way.
Although work on the GSM technical specifications began earlier, the agreement signed in 1987 committed those operators to building networks based upon it.
GSM FACTS
China has 445 million GSM customers
There are 2.5 billion GSM connections worldwide
64% of mobile users are in emerging markets
About seven billion text messages are sent every day
Source: GSM Association"There's no doubt that at the time of the agreement in 1987 no one had an idea of the explosive capabilities in terms of growth that would happen after the GSM standard was agreed," he said.
Since then, he said, the numbers of people using GSM mobiles has always outstripped the predictions.
Once the preserve of the well off, mobiles were now "the everyday gadget that's essential to people's lives," he said.
In the UK there are now more mobiles than people according to Ofcom statistics which reveal that, at the end of 2006, for every 100 Britons there are 116.6 mobile connections.
Figures from the GSM Association show it took 12 years for the first billion mobile connections to be made but only 30 months for the figure to reach two billion.
"In the developing world they are becoming absolutely indispensable," said Mr Conway.
This was because handsets were now cheap and mobile networks much less expensive to set up than the fixed alternatives.

There are so many phones that recycling them is a problem
But getting mobiles in to the hands of billions of people was just the start, said Mr Conway.
"The technology is a gravitational force that brings in to its orbit a huge amount of innovators," he said.
In the future, he suggested, high-speed networks would be ubiquitous adding the intelligence of mobiles to anything and everything.
"The technology will be in the fabric of your clothing, your shoes, in appliances, in your car," he said.
For instance, he said, the ubiquity of mobile technology could revolutionise healthcare and see people wearing monitors that gather and transmit information about vital signs.
Phones too could change radically in the future.
"You'll pull them out of your pocket and they'll look like a map but unfold like a screen," said Mr Conway. "We're now on the verge of another wave and that's going to be stimulated by mobile broadband."

Future of mobile

Korea has hugely developed in the mobile technology. It has great significance for development of their economic sector.

In this paper, we discuss the development of wireless and mobile communications in Korea, current technological trends, and the future outlook on technological developments. Since the introduction of the telegraph and the telephone in September 1885, Korea's wired and wireless communications industry has consistently developed for over 100 years. Since 1984, upon the provision of the mobile telecommunications service, the industry has seen drastic qualitative and quantitative growth in terms of both technical and economic aspects, which played a crucial role in the rapid growth of the digital industry in Korea. After the era of the analog cellular service based on the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), a precursor to the modern mobile service, Korea became the world's first country to commercialize Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) in 1996 and succeeded in commercializing CDMA 2000 1x (IMT-2000) in 2001. With further developments in the mobile communication technology, the technology for antennas also saw drastic advancements. As the mobile antennas moved from the second to the third generation, they grew from external models to very small internal models. At the same time, they evolved into highly functional and high performance multiple band and wide band antennas. Furthermore, Korea was the first country to commercialize and offer the Wireless Broadband Internet (WiBro) service in 2006. By leading the wireless communications standardization and exerting remarkable efforts in research and development, Korea is consolidating its status as an Information Technology (IT) leader in the global market. The antenna's inherent importance will be further emphasized in the near future as it satisfies the performance and structural needs of portable terminals necessary for realizing the projected establishment of the ubiquitous world. It is thought that antenna technologies will not be limited to simple concepts as previously experienced but will utilize various kinds of materials that build the terminals' structure and framework. Moreover, studies will be performed with an emphasis on multiple band, multiple directivity, and ultra-wide band. Accordingly, antenna technologies to which new concepts are applied, such as SMART antenna and MIMO antenna technologies and meta-materials, will surely be effective alternatives.

MOBILE PHONE INVENTION OF THE WORLD

Invention of mobile phone is a blessing for us. Now we con not imagine our daily life without mobile phone. we con communicate withe another within very short time.

RELATED INFORMATION:Invention of the Telephone from The Great Idea FinderCommunication History from The Great Idea Finder
ON THE BOOKSHELF:Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phoneby Jon Agar / Paperback: 192 pages / Publisher: Totem Books (February 25, 2005)Until not very long ago the mobile phone was expensive and the preserve of a rich few. Today the cellphone is everywhere--so common it goes unnoticed. Jon Agar tells the fascinating story behind the rise and rise of this incredible little device.The Mobile Connection: The Cell Phone's Impact on Society by Rich Ling / Paperback: 244 pages / Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann; 3rd edition (May 18, 2004) This book, based on world-wide research involving tens of thousands of interviews and contextual observations, looks into the impact of the phone on our daily lives. The mobile phone has fundamentally affected our accessibility, safety and security, coordination of social and business activities, and use of public places.Cellphone: The Story of the World's Most Mobile Medium and How It Has Transformed Everything!by Paul Levinson / Hardcover: 240 pages / Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan (April 17, 2004) Cellphone explores the history of mobility in media--from books to cameras to transistor radios to laptops--and examines the unique impact of a device that sits in a pocket or palm, and lets us converse by voice or text. Invention of the Telephone
ON THE SCREEN:The TelephoneDVD / 1 Volume Set / 50 Minutes / History Channel / Less than $25.00 / Also VHSUndeniably essential to modern life, the telephone is the most important, influential, and effective communication tool ever developed. Exploring how one man's speaking device has grown into the technological web that links humankind, this thrilling program also revisits the race between Bell and rival Elisha Gray—who was building a similar design but ultimately filed the history-changing patent just two hours after Bell.ON THE WEB:AT&T Bell LaboratoriesHistory of mobile communications, including cellular phones. Working with a team of nearly 200 Bell Lab engineers, Engel and Frenkiel developed a concept that divided cities up into small coverage areas called cells.(URL: www.att.com/attlabs/reputation/timeline/83celltech.html)Mobile Communications HistorySeems to have been first "verbalized" by D. H. Ring (AT&T Bell Laboratories) in 1947. The advent of the cellular concept was a crucial contribution in the development of mobile communication.(URL: people.deas.harvard.edu/~jones/cscie129/nu_lectures/lecture7/cellular/cell_hist.html)Cellular Telephone BasicsCellular radio provides mobile telephone service by employing a network of cell sites distributed over a wide area. A cell site contains a radio transceiver and a base station controller which manages, sends, and receives traffic from the mobiles in its geographical area to a cellular telephone switch.(URL: www.privateline.com/Cellbasics/Cellbasics.html)First Mobile Phone Equipment.The predecessor of all mobile phones, the Motorola DynaTAC. We should thank Martin Cooper, Paul Galvin and Motorola that we have such mobile phones, as we know them today. (URL: www.zfone.com/articles/a_id/36/the-first-mobile-phone)Martin CooperMartin Cooper was instrumental in conducting the first cellular trials in New York City in April 1973 and placed the first call from a Manhattan base station to rivals in Bell Labs in New Jersey, just to chide them about Motorola's lead. Article by by Loring Wirbel for eeTimes.(URL: www.eetimes.com/special/special_issues/millennium/milestones/cooper.html)Invention Dimension - Inventor of the WeekCelebrates inventor/innovator role models through outreach activities and annual awards to inspire a new generation of American scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs. (URL: web.mit.edu/invent/iow/freneng.html)Telecom & Wireless Publications Free publications about telecommunications technology and management. (URL: www.tradepub.com/_brands/www/cat/Tele.cat.html)Joel S. Engel BiographyJoel Engel was born on February 4, 1936 in New York City. He received his Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from the City College of New York in 1957. Joel's professional career began at the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, where he worked on inertial guidance and stabilization systems.(URL: www.ieee.org/organizations/history_center/legacies/engel.html)Richard H. Frenkiel BiographyRichard (Dick) Frenkiel was born on March 4, 1943 in Brooklyn, New York. He attended Tufts University and Rutgers University, emerging with an aura of competence in mechanical engineering.(URL: www.ieee.org/organizations/history_center/legacies/frenkiel.html)William Jakes BiographyWilliam (Bill) C. Jakes, Jr. was born on May 15, 1922 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. His lifelong fascination with radio started as a Cub Scout when he built a crystal set to fulfill one of the advancement requirements.(URL: www.ieee.org/organizations/history_center/legacies/jakes.html)WHERE TO FIND:Motorola RAZR V3 PhoneElectronics at Amazon / by Motorola & Cingular / ASIN: B0006I2E1O / Less than ?The Moto Razr V3 is expertly crafted to deliver exceptional performance. Inside the ultra-thin design are advanced features like MPEG4 video playback, Blue tooth® wireless technology, a digital camera and more. And with the precision-cut keypad, minimalist styling and metal finish, the V3 looks just as beautiful as it performs .

Now we con get mobile phone in very cheap rate. Majority people of the world are using mobile phone because of GLOBALIZATION.

Mobile Tecnology

Mobile technology is exactly what the name implies - technology that is portable. Mobile technology is a key responsible technology of Modern business,life and lifestyle,If we compare our lifestyle and everyday day business work with few years back we get the difference,

Examples of mobile IT devices include:
laptop computers
palmtop computers or personal digital assistants
mobile phones and "smart phones" - high-end phones with more advanced capabilities
global positioning system (GPS) devices
wireless debit/credit card payment terminals
Mobile devices can be enabled to use a variety of communications technologies such as:
wireless fidelity (WiFi) - a type of wireless local area network technology
Bluetooth - connects mobile devices wirelessly
"third generation" (3G), global system for mobile technology (GSM) and general packet radio service (GPRS) data services - data networking services for mobile phones
dial-up services - data networking services using modems and telephone lines
virtual private networks - secure access to a private network
It is therefore possible to network the mobile device to a home office or the Internet while travelling.
Benefits
Mobile computing can improve the service you offer your customers. For example, you could use your laptop computer to give a presentation. You could then transfer PDFs of your product literature to your client's computer. Or you could connect remotely to your diary to arrange a follow-up appointment. Alternatively, you can enable customers to pay for services or goods without having to go to the till. For example, by using a wireless payment terminal diners can pay for their meal without leaving their table.
More powerful solutions can link you directly into the office network while working off site, for instance to access your company's database or accounting systems. For example, you could:
set up a new customer's account
check prices and stock availability
place an order online
This leads to great flexibility in working - for example, enabling home working, or working while travelling. Increasingly, networking "hot spots" are being provided in public areas that allow connection back to the office network or the Internet.
Drawbacks
There are costs involved in setting up the equipment and training required to make use of mobile devices. Mobile IT devices can expose valuable data to unauthorised people if the proper precautions are not taken to ensure that the devices, and the data they can access, are kept safe. See our guide on securing your wireless systems.

Mobile technology at CES 2009

CES 2009 preview: economic gloom raises the stakes for technology companies.

Mobile technology in general is, once again, going to be one of the main talking points at CES. LG has already taken the wraps off its wristwatch-cum-mobile phone, and Palm (remember them?) is expected to re-enter the smartphone fray with a new high-tech device and overhauled operating system, though whether it will be enough to compete with the likes of Apple and Nokia remains to be see